River hydrographs

Read rainfall and discharge peaks, lag time and the limits of one storm record.

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River hydrographs

Blue bars show rainfall in the hour ending at each labelled time. The green line shows discharge at that time. Peak lag is the difference between the hours of maximum rainfall and maximum discharge.

Fictional storm hydrographHour 0: 0 mm rainfall, 5 m³/s discharge; Hour 1: 4 mm rainfall, 5 m³/s discharge; Hour 2: 11 mm rainfall, 5 m³/s discharge; Hour 3: 6 mm rainfall, 5 m³/s discharge; Hour 4: 0 mm rainfall, 7 m³/s discharge; Hour 5: 0 mm rainfall, 13 m³/s discharge; Hour 6: 0 mm rainfall, 19 m³/s discharge; Hour 7: 0 mm rainfall, 13 m³/s discharge; Hour 8: 0 mm rainfall, 7 m³/s discharge; Hour 9: 0 mm rainfall, 5 m³/s discharge; Hour 10: 0 mm rainfall, 5 m³/s discharge; Hour 11: 0 mm rainfall, 5 m³/s discharge; Hour 12: 0 mm rainfall, 5 m³/s discharge010203040051015200123456789101112Discharge (m³/s)Rainfall (mm)Hour since record began
HourRainfall in preceding hour (mm)Discharge (m³/s)
005
145
2115
365
407
5013
6019
7013
807
905
1005
1105
1205
Fictional storm hydrograph. Original fictional resource; not an official map or real dataset.

On a small screen, scroll the diagram sideways to see the full resource.

Resource description

Hour 0: 0 mm rainfall, 5 m³/s discharge; Hour 1: 4 mm rainfall, 5 m³/s discharge; Hour 2: 11 mm rainfall, 5 m³/s discharge; Hour 3: 6 mm rainfall, 5 m³/s discharge; Hour 4: 0 mm rainfall, 7 m³/s discharge; Hour 5: 0 mm rainfall, 13 m³/s discharge; Hour 6: 0 mm rainfall, 19 m³/s discharge; Hour 7: 0 mm rainfall, 13 m³/s discharge; Hour 8: 0 mm rainfall, 7 m³/s discharge; Hour 9: 0 mm rainfall, 5 m³/s discharge; Hour 10: 0 mm rainfall, 5 m³/s discharge; Hour 11: 0 mm rainfall, 5 m³/s discharge; Hour 12: 0 mm rainfall, 5 m³/s discharge

1. What is peak discharge in m³/s?

2. What is the peak lag time in hours?

3. What can this record establish?

Choose an answer

Synthetic data and original mapping. Practice does not count as required fieldwork.

Use the resource carefully

State the unit and the part of the resource you used. A pattern in a fictional dataset is evidence for that exercise; it does not establish a fact about a real place.

Check whether an explanation is supported by the data or needs additional geographical knowledge. For statistical tasks, a calculated result does not establish causation or significance by itself.

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